{"id":505371,"date":"2023-12-09T22:03:01","date_gmt":"2023-12-09T22:03:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quantumai.co\/?p=505371"},"modified":"2023-12-09T22:08:11","modified_gmt":"2023-12-09T22:08:11","slug":"%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e9%81%8b%e7%ae%97%e7%9a%84%e5%bb%ba%e6%a7%8b%e5%8d%80%e5%a1%8a-%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e4%bd%8d%e5%85%83%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e9%81%8b%e7%ae%97%e7%9a%84%e5%bb%ba%e6%a7%8b%e5%8d%80%e5%a1%8a-%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e4%bd%8d%e5%85%83%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\uff1f\u63a2\u7d22\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u57fa\u77f3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u63a8\u9032\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5c07\u5fb9\u5e95\u6539\u8b8a\u6578\u4f4d\u9818\u57df\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 - \u9019\u9805\u65b0\u8208\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u8ff7\u4eba\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u63ed\u958b\u5b83\u5011\u5947\u7279\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u5b83\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5927\u5e45\u91cd\u5851\u6211\u5011\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6293\u7dca\u60a8\u7684\u96fb\u5b50--\u9019\u5c07\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u9ad8\u901f\u5fae\u7c92\u4e4b\u65c5\uff01<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 (Qubits) \u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u7c21\u7a31\uff0c\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u6210\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868 0 \u6216 1 \u7684\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u80fd\u4ee5\u758a\u52a0\u72c0\u614b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u8868 0 \u8207 1\u3002\u6b64\u7279\u6027\u53ef\u8b93\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u5730\u8655\u7406\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5229\u7528\u758a\u52a0\u548c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7b49\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e73\u884c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u67d0\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u7d93\u5178\u96fb\u8166\u5feb\u4e0a\u5e7e\u500d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u6027\u8cea\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8207\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u5176\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u72c0\u614b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5916\u754c\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u77ad\u89e3 Qubits<\/h2>\n
\n

\u5728\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u662f\u8b93\u4e00\u5207\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u584a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u3001 \u7a76\u7adf\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f qubit\uff1f<\/em> \u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 (qubit) \u53ef\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7b49\u6548\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u662f\u7d93\u5178\u904b\u7b97\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u64c1\u6709\u6e90\u81ea\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u7684\u7368\u7279\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u758a\u52a0\u548c\u7e8f\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u77ad\u89e3\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u91cf\u5b50\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u8207\u53ea\u80fd\u8655\u65bc 0 \u6216 1 \u72c0\u614b\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6bd4\u7279\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5169\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u76f8\u5e72\u758a\u52a0\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u591a\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u540c\u6642\u57f7\u884c\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5c07\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u679a\u5728\u534a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u786c\u5e63\u3002\u7576\u786c\u5e63\u4ecd\u5728\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u843d\u5728\u6b63\u9762\u6216\u53cd\u9762\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4ee3\u8868\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u53cd\u9762\u7684\u758a\u52a0\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u89c0\u5bdf\u6216\u6e2c\u91cf\u786c\u5e63\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u624d\u6703\u5d29\u584c\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u6b63\u9762\u6216\u53cd\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e86\u89e3\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5c0d\u65bc\u767c\u63ee\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u591a\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u540c\u6642\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u70ba\u89e3\u6c7a\u7d93\u5178\u96fb\u8166\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u77ad\u89e3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u4f4d\u5143\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u904b\u7b97\u5e36\u4f86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u53e4\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u5340\u5225<\/h2>\n
\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6f5b\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u5728\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u6bd4\u7279\u5c07\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8868\u793a\u70ba 0 \u6216 1\uff0c\u800c\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u5247\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6 - \u758a\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u8a08\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f\u8f49\u79fb\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e26\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529b\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u70ba\u5404\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u9032\u5c55\u92ea\u8def\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b78\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u3001\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n
  • \u6839\u64da\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u300b\uff08Nature Physics\uff09\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u5728 2023 \u5e74\uff0c\u64da\u5831\u6700\u5927\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u5171\u6709 1000 \u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u91cf\u5b50\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u6280\u8853\u300b\uff08Quantum Science and Technology\uff09\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7dad\u6301\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u76f8\u5e72\u6642\u9593\uff08\u5c0d\u5176\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5e73\u5747\u76f8\u5e72\u6642\u9593\u4ecb\u65bc 10 \u5230 100 \u5fae\u79d2\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u8996\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u985e\u578b\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u516c\u53f8\u6b63\u7a4d\u6975\u7814\u7a76\u64f4\u5927\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cIBM \u8a08\u5283\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u5e74\u5e95\uff082023 \u5e74\uff09\u63a8\u51fa 433 \u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Qubits \u5982\u4f55\u5132\u5b58\u53ca\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u5728\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5728\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\u65b9\u9762\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u4ee3\u8868 0 \u6216 1 \u7684\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u540c\u6642\u4ee5\u591a\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7a31\u70ba\u758a\u52a0\uff08superposition\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8b93\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u7d93\u5178\u4f4d\u5143\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u7cfe\u7e8f\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u7dca\u5bc6\u76f8\u9023\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u6709\u591a\u9060\u3002\u6b64\u7279\u6027\u53ef\u8b93\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u4ee5\u5e73\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u6c7a\u67d0\u4e9b\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5448\u6307\u6578\u7d1a\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u5169\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u56db\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff1a00\u300101\u300110 \u548c 11\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5229\u7528\u758a\u52a0\u548c\u7e8f\u7d50\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u5728\u6240\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5118\u7ba1\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u6216\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u504f\u632f\u614b\u4f86\u7de8\u78bc\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u59cb\u7d42\u5982\u4e00\uff1a\u64cd\u63a7\u91cf\u5b50\u72c0\u614b\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u91cf\u5b50\u9598\u9580\u662f\u5141\u8a31\u64cd\u63a7\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u9598\u9580\u53ef\u4ee5\u65cb\u8f49\u55ae\u4e00\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c07\u591a\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7e8f\u7d50\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u5b89\u6392\u9598\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u4e2d\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8cc7\u8a0a\u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u65e2\u7136\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u63a2\u8a0e\u904e\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5982\u4f55\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u5c16\u7aef\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \u5c16\u7aef\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166<\/h3>\n
    \n

    \u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u4e0d\u65b7\u7a81\u7834\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6975\u9650\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u986f\u8457\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u5f9e\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8a08\u6578\u5230\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\u8207\u96dc\u8a0a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u90fd\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u5dd4\u5cf0\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u6700\u5148\u9032\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u901a\u7528\u9580\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u89e3\u6c7a\u5404\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9032\u5c55\u7684\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6700\u5148\u9032\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u524d\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u8a08\u7b97\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b78\u3001\u85e5\u7269\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u548c\u6a21\u64ec\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u5e36\u4f86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u73fe\u6cc1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u300c\u4e00\u82f1\u91cc\u5bec\u3001\u4e00\u82f1\u5bf8\u6df1\u300d\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u901a\u7528\u7684\u9580\u5f0f\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u969b\u6548\u7528\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u9580\u63a7\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u6548\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u6578\u3001\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\u548c\u96dc\u8a0a\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8a66\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u932f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u89e3\u6c7a\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u6216\u6a21\u64ec\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8b93\u4ee5\u9580\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u901a\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u9019\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u5011\u63a2\u7d22\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u985e\u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u9000\u706b\u3002\u985e\u6bd4\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5c08\u9580\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u9000\u706b\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u904e\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u9580\u5f0f\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u96a8\u8457\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u98a8\u53e3\u6d6a\u5c16\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6b63\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u64f4\u5927\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u9019\u4e9b\u5c16\u7aef\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u77ad\u89e3\u5b83\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u7248\u5716\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n
    • \u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u73fe\u6cc1\u767c\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u6578\u3001\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\u548c\u566a\u97f3\u964d\u4f4e\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u901a\u7528\u9580\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u662f\u9019\u4e00\u9032\u5c55\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u85e5\u7269\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u512a\u5316\u548c\u6a21\u64ec\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u5e36\u4f86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u610f\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u6578\u548c\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6548\u7528\u76ee\u524d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u985e\u6bd4\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u9000\u706b\u7b49\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9762\u81e8\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u6b65\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4f86\u5851\u9020\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u9762\u8c8c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Qubits \u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h2>\n
      \n

      \u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 (qubit) \u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u6bcf\u7a2e\u90fd\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u5e7e\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u53ca\u5176\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f \u81ea\u65cb\u91cf\u5b50<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u91cf\u5b50\u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u6838\uff09\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u65cb\u65b9\u5411\u4f86\u64cd\u63a7\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u91cf\u5b50\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u57fa\u65bc \u88ab\u56f0\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u96e2\u5b50<\/strong>.\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u6027\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u96e2\u5b50\u4e2d\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u7d1a\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u3002\u64cd\u63a7\u9019\u4e9b\u80fd\u7d1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u78ba\u63a7\u5236\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5149\u5b50\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143<\/strong> \u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u504f\u632f\u3001\u8def\u5f91\u6216\u5230\u9054\u6642\u9593\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u7cfe\u7e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u9069\u5408\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u91cf\u5b50\u901a\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6700\u5f8c\u3001 \u8d85\u5c0e\u96fb\u8def<\/strong> \u5f62\u6210\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u9014\u5f91\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u6d41\u4f86\u7de8\u78bc\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8d85\u5c0e\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u96fb\u5b50\u88dd\u7f6e\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u5176\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u91cf\u5b50\u6280\u8853\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bcf\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u90fd\u5177\u5099\u512a\u52e2\u8207\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u642d\u914d\u7368\u7279\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u63a8\u9032\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      Qubit \u8207 Bit \u904b\u7b97\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
      \n

      \u8981\u7406\u89e3\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u8207\u57fa\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u904b\u7b97\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7d93\u5178\u96fb\u8166\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u8868 0 \u6216 1 \u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u800c\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u5247\u662f\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u539f\u5247\u4e0b\u904b\u4f5c - \u758a\u52a0\u548c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

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      \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e5f\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u6311\u6230\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u5c0d\u96dc\u8a0a\u7b49\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u9ad8\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4fee\u6b63\u6280\u8853\u624d\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u5176\u91cf\u5b50\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u7dad\u6301\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u64f4\u5927\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u969c\u7919\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7576\u6211\u5011\u8861\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u8207\u6bd4\u7279\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u6311\u6230\u6642\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5728\u89e3\u6c7a\u7d93\u5178\u96fb\u8166\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u64c1\u6709\u6975\u5927\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u554f\u984c\u3001\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u64ec\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u5e7e\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u632f\u596e\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u8207\u6311\u6230<\/h2>\n
      \n

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      \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5275\u9020\u53ef\u9760\u4e14\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u5143\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u63a8\u9032\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u88fd\u9020\u8aa4\u5dee\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u76f8\u5e72\u6642\u9593\u66f4\u9577\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u5be6\u7528\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u662f\u8207\u786c\u9ad4\u9032\u6b65\u76f8\u8f14\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u9762\u5411\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u91dd\u5c0d\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u958b\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6b63\u7a4d\u6975\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u512a\u5316\u91cf\u5b50\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u66f4\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728\u7d93\u5178\u8207\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u8166\u4e4b\u9593\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u958b\u767c\u91cf\u5b50\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u904b\u7b97\u5e73\u53f0\u4e4b\u9593\u53ef\u9760\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u50b3\u8f38\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6a19\u6e96\u8207\u5354\u5b9a\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u8207\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u5171\u901a\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u53ef\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u7d44\u7e54\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a8\u52d5\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5118\u7ba1\u9762\u81e8\u9019\u4e9b\u8271\u5de8\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e0a\u4ecd\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u8cc7\u91d1\u6a5f\u69cb\u5df2\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u6295\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u514b\u670d\u9019\u4e9b\u969c\u7919\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6b63\u651c\u624b\u89e3\u6c7a\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7a81\u7834\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6975\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u63a8\u9032\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97\u5c07\u5fb9\u5e95\u6539\u8b8a\u6578\u4f4d\u9818\u57df\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 - \u9019\u9805\u65b0\u8208\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7e7c\u7e8c\u95b1\u8b80 “What are Qubits? Exploring the Building Blocks of Quantum Computing”<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":505374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-505371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-quantum-computing"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/505371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=505371"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/505371\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/505374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=505371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=505371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumaieu.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=505371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}